biotechnology
Mini-Test 11/22
Hmk for 11/18: Complete Modeling DNA Fingerprinting and Section B of Biotech Activities
Hmk for 11/19: Complete Section C of Biotech Activities
Hmk for 11/20: Complete Section A of Biotech Activities; finish Genetic Engineering Gizmo from class
Hmk for 11/19: Complete Section C of Biotech Activities
Hmk for 11/20: Complete Section A of Biotech Activities; finish Genetic Engineering Gizmo from class
Essential Standard:
Bio 3.3 Understand the application of DNA technology
Bio 1.1 Understand the relationship between the structures and functions of cells and their organelles
Clarifying Objectives:
Bio.3.3.1 Interpret how DNA is used for comparison and identification of organisms.
Bio.3.3.2 Summarize how transgenic organisms are engineered to benefit society.
Bio.3.3.3 Evaluate some of the ethical issues surrounding the use of DNA technology (including cloning, genetically modified organisms, stem cell research, and Human Genome Project).
Bio 1.1.3 Explain how instructions in DNA lead to cell differentiation and result in cells specialized to perform specific functions in multicellular organisms
Unpacking – What does this standard mean a child will know, understand, and be able to do?
Bio.3.3.1
• Summarize the process of gel electrophoresis as a technique to separate molecules based on size. Students should learn the general steps of gel electrophoresis – using restrictions enzymes to cut DNA into different sized fragments and running those fragments on gels with longer fragments moving slower than faster ones.
• Interpret or “read” a gel.
• Exemplify applications of DNA fingerprinting - identifying individuals; identifying and cataloging endangered species.
Bio.3.3.2
• Generalize the applications of transgenic organisms (plants, animals, & bacteria) in agriculture and industry including pharmaceutical applications such as the production of human insulin.
• Summarize the steps in bacterial transformation (insertion of a gene into a bacterial plasmid, getting bacteria to take in the plasmid, selecting the transformed bacteria, and producing the product).
Bio.3.3.3
• Identify the reasons for establishing the Human Genome Project.
• Recognize that the project is useful in determining whether individuals may carry genes for genetic conditions and in developing gene therapy.
• Evaluate some of the science of gene therapy. (e.g. Severe Combined Immunodeficiency and Cystic Fibrosis)
• Critique the ethical issues and implications of genomics and biotechnology (stem cell research, gene therapy and genetically modified organisms)
Bio.1.1.3
Identify stem cells as unspecialized cells that continually reproduce themselves and have, under appropriate conditions, the ability to differentiate into one or more types of specialized cells.
▪ Embryonic cells which have not yet differentiated into various cell types are called embryonic stem cells.
▪ Stem cells found in organisms, for instance in bone marrow, are called adult stem cells.
▪ Scientists have recently demonstrated that stem cells, both embryonic and adult, with the right laboratory culture conditions, differentiate into
specialized cells.
Key Vocabulary:
3rd Tier Words: DNA fingerprint, gel electrophoresis, restriction enzyme, genetic engineering, bacterial transformation, transgenic organism /GMO (genetically modified organism), recombinant DNA, plasmid, vector, host, Human Genome Project, genetic screening, gene therapy, stem cell, splice, genetic marker, insulin, desired trait, cystic fibrosis, Severe Combined Immunodeficiency, surrogate, somatic, cleave, foreign DNA
2nd Tier Words: simulate, function, analyze, interpret, insert, produce, discard, isolate, benefit, faulty, drawback, fragment, abnormal, condition, disorder, artificial, fused, implanted, applications, agriculture, industry, pharmaceutical
Common Misconceptions:
Essential Questions
3.3.1
How is a DNA fingerprint different from an actual fingerprint?
How is a DNA fingerprint made and used?
3.3.2
How can the DNA of an organism be modified to change its traits?
How is changing DNA of plants and other organisms useful to humans?
3.3.3
How do we know where human genes are located on chromosomes?
Will scientists ever be able to develop “cures” for genetic disorders?
Should we (humanity) be manipulating the natural DNA of organisms?
How are different cell types produced by a multicellular organism?
Bio 3.3 Understand the application of DNA technology
Bio 1.1 Understand the relationship between the structures and functions of cells and their organelles
Clarifying Objectives:
Bio.3.3.1 Interpret how DNA is used for comparison and identification of organisms.
Bio.3.3.2 Summarize how transgenic organisms are engineered to benefit society.
Bio.3.3.3 Evaluate some of the ethical issues surrounding the use of DNA technology (including cloning, genetically modified organisms, stem cell research, and Human Genome Project).
Bio 1.1.3 Explain how instructions in DNA lead to cell differentiation and result in cells specialized to perform specific functions in multicellular organisms
Unpacking – What does this standard mean a child will know, understand, and be able to do?
Bio.3.3.1
• Summarize the process of gel electrophoresis as a technique to separate molecules based on size. Students should learn the general steps of gel electrophoresis – using restrictions enzymes to cut DNA into different sized fragments and running those fragments on gels with longer fragments moving slower than faster ones.
• Interpret or “read” a gel.
• Exemplify applications of DNA fingerprinting - identifying individuals; identifying and cataloging endangered species.
Bio.3.3.2
• Generalize the applications of transgenic organisms (plants, animals, & bacteria) in agriculture and industry including pharmaceutical applications such as the production of human insulin.
• Summarize the steps in bacterial transformation (insertion of a gene into a bacterial plasmid, getting bacteria to take in the plasmid, selecting the transformed bacteria, and producing the product).
Bio.3.3.3
• Identify the reasons for establishing the Human Genome Project.
• Recognize that the project is useful in determining whether individuals may carry genes for genetic conditions and in developing gene therapy.
• Evaluate some of the science of gene therapy. (e.g. Severe Combined Immunodeficiency and Cystic Fibrosis)
• Critique the ethical issues and implications of genomics and biotechnology (stem cell research, gene therapy and genetically modified organisms)
Bio.1.1.3
Identify stem cells as unspecialized cells that continually reproduce themselves and have, under appropriate conditions, the ability to differentiate into one or more types of specialized cells.
▪ Embryonic cells which have not yet differentiated into various cell types are called embryonic stem cells.
▪ Stem cells found in organisms, for instance in bone marrow, are called adult stem cells.
▪ Scientists have recently demonstrated that stem cells, both embryonic and adult, with the right laboratory culture conditions, differentiate into
specialized cells.
Key Vocabulary:
3rd Tier Words: DNA fingerprint, gel electrophoresis, restriction enzyme, genetic engineering, bacterial transformation, transgenic organism /GMO (genetically modified organism), recombinant DNA, plasmid, vector, host, Human Genome Project, genetic screening, gene therapy, stem cell, splice, genetic marker, insulin, desired trait, cystic fibrosis, Severe Combined Immunodeficiency, surrogate, somatic, cleave, foreign DNA
2nd Tier Words: simulate, function, analyze, interpret, insert, produce, discard, isolate, benefit, faulty, drawback, fragment, abnormal, condition, disorder, artificial, fused, implanted, applications, agriculture, industry, pharmaceutical
Common Misconceptions:
- Genetic modification of food is new.
- GMOs are just a modern version of selective breeding.
- There is solid evidence that GMO foods cause cancer.
- Almost all crops today are GMOs.
- GMOs are unlabeled and impossible to avoid
- GMO crops are dangerous since they contain toxic substances.
Essential Questions
3.3.1
How is a DNA fingerprint different from an actual fingerprint?
How is a DNA fingerprint made and used?
- I will explain the production of a DNA fingerprint from DNA extraction, to restriction digestion, to gel electrophoresis
- I will model the process of producing a DNA fingerprint (online or paper/pencil)
- I will interpret a DNA fingerprint in crime scene and paternity applications
3.3.2
How can the DNA of an organism be modified to change its traits?
How is changing DNA of plants and other organisms useful to humans?
- I will explain the production of a transgenic organism containing a desired gene
- I will model the process of producing a transgenic organism (online or cut/paste)
- I will describe the applications of genetic engineering in agriculture, industry and medicine
3.3.3
How do we know where human genes are located on chromosomes?
Will scientists ever be able to develop “cures” for genetic disorders?
Should we (humanity) be manipulating the natural DNA of organisms?
- I will describe the purpose of the Human Genome Project as locating and sequencing genes on human chromosomes
- I will explain how the HGP has led to genetic screening and the development of gene therapy for certain genetic disorders
- I will evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of genetic engineering, gene therapy, and stem cell research
How are different cell types produced by a multicellular organism?
- I will describe the differentiation and specialization of cell types in a multicellular organism, beginning with stem cells.
- I will compare and contrast embryonic and adult stem cells.