Biochemistry
Lipid, protein, nucleic acid quiz 9/12
Test date approx. 9/16
Biochemistry Notes and Enzyme Notes
Lipid, protein, nucleic acid quiz 9/12
Test date approx. 9/16
Biochemistry Notes and Enzyme Notes
9/3: complete the Intro to Organic Chemistry Flip Flop (both sides of page 1); also finish Gizmo activity from class
9/4: Biomolecules EdPuzzle due on 9/6 (type in the class code "hazehub" to join) 9/5: Carbon and Carbohydrate Review worksheet 9/6: complete nucleic acid macromolecule building and nucleic acid flip flop that were started in class 9/9: complete the Lipid wkst. from class 9/10: Biomolecule POGIL for blocks 1 and 2; block 4 should complete the biochem rev wkst 9/12: finish labs; study guides 1 and 2 (optional)
|
Click to set custom HTML
|
Essential Standards:
Bio 1.2 Analyze the cell as a living system
Bio 4.1 Understand how biological molecules are essential to the survival of living organisms
Clarifying Objectives:
Bio 1.2.1 Explain how homeostasis is maintained in a cell and within an organism in various environments (including temperature and pH)
Bio 4.1.1 Compare the structures and functions of the major biological molecules (carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids) as related to the survival of living organisms
Bio 4.1.3 Explain how enzymes act as catalysts for biological reactions
Bio.1.2.1
• Explain how cells use buffers to regulate cell pH and how cells can respond to maintain temperature, glucose levels, and water balance in organisms.
Bio.4.1.1
Compare the structure and function of each of the listed organic molecules in organisms:
• Carbohydrates (glucose, cellulose, starch, glycogen)
• Proteins (insulin, enzymes, hemoglobin)
• Lipids (phospholipids, steroids)
• Nucleic Acids (DNA, RNA)
Bio.4.1.3
• Develop a cause and effect model for specificity of enzymes - the folding produces a 3-D shape that is linked to the protein function, enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions (catalysts) by lowering the activation energy, are re-usable and specific, and are affected by such factors as pH and temperature.
Note: Students should understand that enzymes are necessary for all biochemical reactions and have a general understanding of how enzymes work in terms of the connection between shape and function
Note: Students should understand that enzymes are necessary for all biochemical reactions and have a general understanding of how enzymes work in terms of the connection between shape and
Key Vocabulary:
3rd Tier Words: macromolecule, dehydration (condensation synthesis), hydrolysis (decomposition), acid, base (alkaline), pH, buffer, element, atom, compound, bond, molecule, inorganic, organic, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorous, polymer, monomer, carbohydrate, monosaccharide (simple sugar), glucose, disaccharide, polysaccharide (complex carbohydrate), starch, cellulose, chitin, glycogen, lipid, glycerol, fatty acid, saturated, unsaturated, phospholipid, steroid, nucleic acid, nucleotide, DNA, RNA, protein, amino acid, R-group, carboxyl group, amino group, hemoglobin, insulin, enzyme, enzyme-substrate complex, lock and key, environmental conditions, denature, catalyst, activation energy, substrate, active site, re-usable, specific, indicator, Benedict’s solution, Biurets solution, Iodine, synthesis, pipette, reaction rate, product, reactant, chemical formula, structural formula
2nd Tier Words: flexible, major, optimal, yield, differentiate, subunit, formula, function, regulate, insulation, affect, collision, reusable, globular, activity, mechanism, ratio, counteract
Common Misconceptions:
Criteria for Success: “I Will”
1.2.1
How do cells maintain conditions suitable for life in different environments?
4.1.1
How are chemicals used in my body?
Where does my body get the chemicals it needs?
4.1.3
Why are enzymes necessary for life?
Bio 1.2 Analyze the cell as a living system
Bio 4.1 Understand how biological molecules are essential to the survival of living organisms
Clarifying Objectives:
Bio 1.2.1 Explain how homeostasis is maintained in a cell and within an organism in various environments (including temperature and pH)
Bio 4.1.1 Compare the structures and functions of the major biological molecules (carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids) as related to the survival of living organisms
Bio 4.1.3 Explain how enzymes act as catalysts for biological reactions
Bio.1.2.1
• Explain how cells use buffers to regulate cell pH and how cells can respond to maintain temperature, glucose levels, and water balance in organisms.
Bio.4.1.1
Compare the structure and function of each of the listed organic molecules in organisms:
• Carbohydrates (glucose, cellulose, starch, glycogen)
• Proteins (insulin, enzymes, hemoglobin)
• Lipids (phospholipids, steroids)
• Nucleic Acids (DNA, RNA)
Bio.4.1.3
• Develop a cause and effect model for specificity of enzymes - the folding produces a 3-D shape that is linked to the protein function, enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions (catalysts) by lowering the activation energy, are re-usable and specific, and are affected by such factors as pH and temperature.
Note: Students should understand that enzymes are necessary for all biochemical reactions and have a general understanding of how enzymes work in terms of the connection between shape and function
Note: Students should understand that enzymes are necessary for all biochemical reactions and have a general understanding of how enzymes work in terms of the connection between shape and
Key Vocabulary:
3rd Tier Words: macromolecule, dehydration (condensation synthesis), hydrolysis (decomposition), acid, base (alkaline), pH, buffer, element, atom, compound, bond, molecule, inorganic, organic, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorous, polymer, monomer, carbohydrate, monosaccharide (simple sugar), glucose, disaccharide, polysaccharide (complex carbohydrate), starch, cellulose, chitin, glycogen, lipid, glycerol, fatty acid, saturated, unsaturated, phospholipid, steroid, nucleic acid, nucleotide, DNA, RNA, protein, amino acid, R-group, carboxyl group, amino group, hemoglobin, insulin, enzyme, enzyme-substrate complex, lock and key, environmental conditions, denature, catalyst, activation energy, substrate, active site, re-usable, specific, indicator, Benedict’s solution, Biurets solution, Iodine, synthesis, pipette, reaction rate, product, reactant, chemical formula, structural formula
2nd Tier Words: flexible, major, optimal, yield, differentiate, subunit, formula, function, regulate, insulation, affect, collision, reusable, globular, activity, mechanism, ratio, counteract
Common Misconceptions:
- Simple sugars have to be broken down into smaller molecules before they can enter the cells of the body.
- Fatty acids have to be broken down into smaller molecules before they can enter the cells of the body.
- Amino acids provide instructions for making proteins in an organism.
- Four types of amino acids are used to make protein molecules.
- The actions of protein molecules do not affect a plant's behaviors.
- The actions of protein molecules do not affect an organism's behaviors.
Criteria for Success: “I Will”
1.2.1
How do cells maintain conditions suitable for life in different environments?
- I will identify acids and bases as numbers on the pH scale and will explain how buffers are used by living cells to maintain pH balance
4.1.1
How are chemicals used in my body?
Where does my body get the chemicals it needs?
- I will use appropriate terminology in the context of studying chemistry, including atom, element, molecule, and compound.
- I will differentiate between inorganic and organic compounds and will identify them when given a chemical or structural formula.
- I will identify the four major organic compounds in organisms and the subunit (monomer) of each.
- I will build paper models of the four major organic compounds and will identify each when given a chemical or structural formula (based on the elements present).
- I will describe the basic functions of each of the four major organic compounds.
- I will discuss the organic compounds that provide the body with energy (carbohydrates/lipids) vs. the organic compound that is building material (protein).
- I will name several examples of each of the four major organic compounds.
- I will use chemical indicators to identify the presence of organic compounds.
4.1.3
Why are enzymes necessary for life?
- I will explain that proteins differ in their sequence of amino acids and that this sequence determines the structure of the protein, and thus, its function.
- I will identify enzymes as types of protein that regulate all chemical reactions in an organism.
- I will interpret a graph showing the rate of a biochemical reaction with and without an enzyme and will explain that enzymes catalyze the reaction by lowering the activation energy.
- I will diagram an enzyme mediated pathway, labeling shapes to represent the enzyme, substrate, enzyme-substrate complex, and product(s)
- I will differentiate between a synthesis and decomposition reaction and provide an example of each.
- I will identify environmental factors that can cause an enzyme to denature, and explain that this will cause the enzyme to lose its shape meaning that it can no longer perform its function.
- I will discuss the characteristics of enzymes (specificity and reusability) and demonstrate these characteristics in a laboratory setting.